NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 3 – Governance of the Countryside have been provided here to help the students in solving the questions. Our expert teachers guide the students in their exam preparation. These exercises have been carefully designed to assist and enable them to achieve. By practicing NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 3, students can enhance their understanding and perform well in their examinations.”
Ncert Solutions For Class 8 History Chapter 3 Question Answer
Let’s recall
1. Match the following.
| Ryot | Village |
| Mahal | Peasant |
| Nij | Cultivation on ryot’s lands |
| Ryoti | Cultivation on planter’s own land |
Answer.
| Ryot | Peasant |
| Mahal | Village |
| Nij | Cultivation on planter’s own land |
| Ryoti | Cultivation on ryot’s land |
2. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Growers of woad in Europe saw __________ as a crop that would provide competition to their earnings.
(b) The demand for indigo increased in late eighteenth-century Britain because of __________.
(c) The international demand for indigo was affected by the discovery of __________.
(d) The Champaran movement was against __________.
Answer.
(a) Growers of woad in Europe saw indigo as a crop that would provide competition to their earnings.
(b) The demand for indigo increased in late eighteenth-century Britain because of the expansion of cotton production.
(c) The international demand for indigo was affected by the discovery of synthetic dyes.
(d) The Champaran movement was against indigo planters.
Let’s discuss
3. Describe the main features of the Permanent Settlement.
Answer: The Permanent Settlement System was a land revenue system introduced by the East India Company in 1793. Under this system, the Company recognized the Rajas and Talukdars as landlords. His role was to collect rent from the farmers and then pay the revenue to the company.
The main features of the Permanent Settlement System are:
- The payment of the zamindars to the Company was permanently fixed.
- The role of zamindars was assigned to the kings.
- If the zamindars failed to pay the company, their rights over the land were lost.
- The zamindars had to face unreasonable land prices charged by the company, which sometimes resulted in them being unable to pay.
4. How was the Mahalwari System different from the Permanent Settlement?
Answer. Mahalwari System was different from the Permanent Settlement in the following ways:
| Mahalwari System | Permanent Settlement |
| It was devised by Holt Mackenzie and came into effect in 1822. | It was implemented by Lord Cornwallis in 1793. |
| Revenue was collected from peasants. | Revenue was collected from recognized zamindars |
| The revenue was to be revised periodically | Revenue was fixed |
| The charge to collect the revenue was on the village headman | The charge to collect the revenue was on the village Zamindar. |
| It was implemented in Central India and parts of the Punjab. | It was implemented in various parts of British-controlled India, including Bengal, Bihar, and parts of Orissa. |
5. Give two problems that arose with the new Munro system of fixing revenue.
Answer: Two problems that arose with the new Munro system of fixing revenue were:
a. The revenue demand was so high, making it difficult for peasants to afford.
b. The peasants were not able to pay the rent leading to leaving the villages.
6. Why were Ryots reluctant to grow indigo?
Answer: Ryots were reluctant to grow indigo because
a. They were paid very little for this.
b. They had no benefit from the cultivation of indigo.
c. They were asked by the planters to cultivate indigo on the fertile parts of their land.
7. What were the circumstances which led to the eventual collapse of indigo production in Bengal?
Answer: The circumstances which led to the eventual collapse of indigo production in Bengal were
a.The ryots refused to continue producing indigo.
b. They started protesting with the support of landlords.
c. The government set up the Indigo Commission, which acknowledged the mistakes of the planters and ordered them to stop growing indigo.
d. As a result of the events, many planters eventually left the area.
Let’s do
8. Find out more about the Champaran movement and Mahatma Gandhi’s role in it.
Answer: The Champaran Movement was an important event in India’s struggle for independence from British rule which forced farmers to cultivate indigo on their land. It happened in 1917 in Champaran district of Bihar, India.
Mahatma Gandhi played an important role in this movement. He raised awareness about the farmers’ plight and demand justice on the principle of nonviolent and truth.
9. Look into the history of either tea or coffee plantations in India. See how the life of workers in these plantations was similar to or different from that of workers in indigo plantations.
Answer: Tea or Coffee Plantations in India-Tea or Coffee plantations in India began during British colonial rule.
Similarities with Indigo Plantations:
- Workers like indigo plantations, are engaged in labor-intensive activities.
- Workers faced harsh weather conditions, working under the scorching sun or in heavy rainfall.
- Workers faced limited social and economic mobility.
- They were paid low wages.
- They had no education or healthcare facilities.
Differences from Indigo Plantations:
- Both plantations in India were made to establish a flourishing industry. On the other hand, indigo plantations were established to produce indigo dye.
- Tea plantations were widespread in areas such as Assam, Darjeeling, and the Nilgiris. On the other hand, indigo plantations were located in specific areas where the climate and soil were suitable for indigo cultivation.
- Coffee plantations focused on producing coffee beans for the coffee industry.
FAQ | Ncert Solutions For Class 8 History Chapter 3
What did British historians in India write about Class 8?
British historians in India wrote about the Governor Generals and Viceroys, their activities, policies, and achievements who ruled the country.
Who gave the extensive description of Caribbean islands Class 8?
Jean Baptiste Labat gave an extensive description of Caribbean islands.
Why are dates important in history?
Dates are important because they tell when certain events happened. It helps to know that one event happened before another event. Dates serve to mark periods in history.
How many countries are in the Caribbean?
There are thirteen countries in the Caribbean:
Antigua
Barbuda,
Bahamas,
Barbados,
Cuba,
Dominica,
Dominican Republic,
Grenada, Haiti,
Jamaica,
Saint Kitts and Nevis,
St Lucia,
St Vincent and the Grenadines,
Trinidad and Tobago
Who first landed in the Caribbean?
Christopher Columbus landed in the Caribbean In 1492.
Why do we divide history into periods?
We divide history into periods to understand and analyze the important events, changes, and developments that occurred during a specific time. This classification helps to organize historical information.
What is a chronology in history?
Chronology in history refers to the arrangement of events in the order in which they occurred, based on specific dates and time periods.
What is the Caribbean called now?
West Indies
How many types of history are there?
There are six types of history- political, diplomatic, cultural, intellectual, social, and economic.
How many periods have a history?
The periods of history are as follows:
Ancient Times (600 B.C. to 476 A.D.)
The Middle Ages (476 A.D. to 1450 A.D.)
Early Modern Era (1450-A.D. to 1750 A.D.)
Conclusion
Ncert Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 3 provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the various aspects of Ruling the Countryside. By studying and practicing these solutions, students can enhance their knowledge, improve their problem-solving skills, and perform better in their exams. You can access them by visiting our website. If you have any other queries about, Ncert Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 3 feel free to reach us so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible.