The chapter Nationalism in India referred to a concept during the Indian National Movement fought against the Britishers. In this chapter, students will learn about the events from the 1920s to the 1947s such as the Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements. Students will come to know how Congress sought to develop the national movement, and how different social groups participated in the movement. In this blog post, Nationalism in India Class 10 MCQ & Solutions are provided which covers the whole chapter and helps the students to learn easily.
Nationalism in India Class 10 Ncert Solutions
1. Explain:
(a) Why is the growth of nationalism in the colonies linked to an anti-colonial movement?
Answer: The growth of nationalism in the colonies is linked to an anti-colonial movement because colonisation affected the freedom of people and nationalist sentiments rushed during the process of struggle against British domination. The sense of oppression and exploitation became a common bond for people, which created the ideas of nationalism in India.
(b) How did the First World War help in the growth of the National Movement in India?
Answer: The First World War helped in the growth of the National Movement in India in the following ways:-
i) The expenditure on defence had increased.
ii) Custom duties were raised and Income tax was imposed.
iii) The rise in prices led to hardships for the people.
iv) There was widespread anger among the rural and common people.
v) Crops failed in many parts of India in 1918-19 and 1920-21 which resulted in severe food shortages.
(c) Why were Indians outraged by the Rowlatt Act?
Answer: The Indians were outraged by the Rowlatt Act for several reasons.
i) It allowed the British colonial government to arrest anyone without trial for two years.
ii) The act was passed without the consent of the Indian people.
iii) It had given the government enormous powers to repress political activities.
(d) Why did Gandhiji decide to withdraw from the Non-Cooperation Movement?
Answer: Gandhiji decided to withdraw from the Non-Cooperation Movement because
i) There were violent clashes between the protesters and the police in Chauri Chaura in Uttar Pradesh, which resulted in the death of 22 police officers.
ii) There were growing differences within the Congress party on the nature and direction of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
iii) Gandhi was concerned that the movement had become too focused on achieving immediate political goals.
2. What is meant by Satyagraha?
Answer: Satyagraha was a novel method of mass agitation. It is a non-aggressive, peaceful mass agitation against the oppression and injustice of the British. It emphasized the power of truth and the need to search for truth. It was coined by Mahatma Gandhi, the leader of India’s independence movement.
3. Write a newspaper report on:
a) The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Answer: The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place on April 13, 1919, at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar. The British troops under the command of General Reginald Dyer opened fire on a peaceful gathering of Indians at Jallianwala Bagh, which was held to protest against the arrest and deportation of two nationalist leaders, Satya Pal and Saifuddin Kitchlew.
Thousands of men, women, and children were killed and injured. The massacre was worth calling genocide and it stunned the entire country.
b) The Simon Commission
Answer: The Simon Commission was set up to look at the functions of the constitutional system in India. It was headed by Sir John Simon. The commission was named after its chairman, Sir John Simon. It came to India in 1928. There were no Indian members in it. All were the Britishers. The Indian National Congress launched a nationwide boycott of the commission & opposed it and gave the slogan ‘Go back, Simon.’
The Simon Commission ultimately failed to achieve its objectives, and it was soon followed by the Round Table Conferences for the future constitution of India.
4. Compare the images of Bharat Mata in this chapter with the image of Germania in Chapter 1.
Answer: Germania: It was the Symbol of Germany. it was painted by Philip Veit in 1848. It is carried a sword in one hand and a flag in the other hand. It is wearing a crown of oak leaves, as the German oak stands for heroism.
Bharat Mata: It is a Symbol of India. It was Painted by Abanindranath Tagore in 1905. It is standing with a Trishul, standing beside a lion and elephant which are the symbols of power and authority.
Nationalism in India Class 10 Questions and Answers
1. List all the different social groups which joined the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921. Then choose any three and write about their hopes and struggles to show why they joined the movement.
Answer: The list of different social groups that joined the Non-Cooperation Movement and their struggles is as below:
Peasants and farmers
Women
Businessmen and traders
Students and middle-class professionals
Intellectuals and artists
Religious and spiritual leaders
Tribal communities
(i). Peasants and farmers
These participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement. They were struggling against high rents, taxes, and debt, which were imposed by the British colonial rulers. Peasants and farmers hoped that the movement would help them gain land rights, fair prices for their produce, and relief from oppressive taxes and rents.
(ii). Workers and labourers
Workers and labourers who were working in factories, mines, and plantations, joined the Non-Cooperation Movement because they had to work for low wages, long hours, and poor working conditions. They were exploited by British managers and owners. They hoped that the movement would help them to get better wages, shorter working hours, and improved working conditions.
(iii). Students & Middle-class professionals:
Students and middle-class professionals participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement. They were frustrated with the limited educational and career opportunities available to them under British rule. They also resented the British policy of discriminating against Indians in higher education and government jobs. They hoped that the movement would help them to gain better education and job opportunities and promote the development of Indian culture and traditions.
2. Discuss the Salt March to make clear why it was an effective symbol of resistance against colonialism.
Answer: The Salt March was an effective symbol of resistance against colonialism for several reasons.
1. It was a non-violent campaign that drew widespread attention to the injustices of British rule.
2. It was seen by millions of people around the world, which helped to raise awareness about the Indian independence movement and the injustices of British rule.
3. It was a unifying event that brought together people from different backgrounds and regions in India.
4. This helped to create a sense of national unity and solidarity among Indians, which was crucial for the success of the independence movement.
3. Imagine you are a woman participating in the Civil Disobedience Movement. Explain what the experience meant to your life.
Answer: As a woman participating in the Civil Disobedience Movement,
1. I would feel empowered and inspired to take a stand against injustice and oppression.
2. I would feel a sense of solidarity with my fellow protesters, as we come together to demand our rights and freedoms.
3. I would also be aware of the unique challenges and barriers that I face in society.
4. I would gain a deeper understanding of the power of collective action and the importance of standing up for what I believe in.
4. Why did the political leaders differ sharply over the question of separate electorates?
Answer: The political leaders differed sharply over the question of separate electorates in the following ways:
1. The separate electorates were seen as a way of ensuring representation for minority communities, particularly Muslims.
2. Some leaders, such as Mahatma Gandhi and some members of the Indian National Congress, strongly opposed the idea of separate electorates they thought that it would lead to the division of society based on religion and interrupt the progress of the national movement towards independence.
3. Some leaders felt that a system of separate electorates was necessary to ensure that minority communities had a voice in the legislative process.
4. Ultimately, the question of separate electorates was resolved with the adoption of the Government of India Act of 1935, which provided for separate electorates for Muslims, Sikhs, and other minority communities
Nationalism in India Class 10 MCQ
1. Which newspaper was started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak?
(a) Hindu
(b) Kesari
(c) Sudharak
(d) Pratap
Answer: (b) Kesari
2. Which of the following is true concerning Satyagraha?
(a) It emphasized the muscle power
(b) It emphasized the Power of truth.
(c) Gandhiji successfully fought the racist regime of South Africa with a novel method.
Answer: both (b) & (c)
3. Who is the author of the book ‘Hind Swaraj’?
(a) J.L. Nehru
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Motilal Nehru
Answer: (b) Mahatma Gandhi
4. When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India from South Africa?
(a) January 1916
(b) January 1915
(c) March 1921
(d) April 1917
Answer: (b) January 1915
5. On which festival did the Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre take place?
(a) Gurupurab
(b) Baisakhi
(c) Holi
(d) Diwali
Answer: b) Baisakhi
6. Which of the following statements are true about the Rowlatt Act?
(a) It gave the government powers to repress political activities.
(b) It did not allow the detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.
(c) It allowed the detention of political prisoners without trial.
(d) Gandhiji decided to launch the Non-Cooperation Movement against the Rowlatt Act in 1920.
Answer: (c) It allowed the detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.
7. Why was Satyagraha organised in Champaran in 1917?
(a) To oppose the British rule
(b) To oppose the plantation system
(c) To oppose high land revenue
(d) To protest against the oppression of the mill workers.
Answer: (b) To oppose the plantation system
8. In which session was The resolution of Purna Swaraj adopted?
(a) Karachi Session
(b) Haripur Session
(c) Lahore Session
(d) Lucknow Session
Answer: (c) Lahore Session
9. Who founded the Swaraj Party?
(a) CR Das & Motilal Nehru
(b) CR Das & Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) CR Das & Gandhiji
(d) CR Das & Dr B. R. Ambedkar
Answer: (a) CR Das & Motilal Nehru
10. Who organised the Dalits into the classes Association?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose
(d) Dr B. R. Ambedkar
Answer: (d) Dr B. R. Ambedkar
11. What moved Abanindranath Tagore to paint the famous image of Bharat Mata?
(a) Civil Disobedience Movement
(b) Swadeshi Movement
(c) Quit India Movement
(d) All of these
Answer: (b) Swadeshi Movement
12. (iii) Who wrote the ‘Vande Mataram’?
(a) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
(b) Rabindranath Tagore
(c) Abanindranath Tagore
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: (a) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
13. Mahatma Gandhi fought in South Africa for:
(a) Racist regime
(b) Freedom of India
(c) Freedom of South Africa
Answer: (a) Racist regime
14. The movement in Awadh was against the:
(a) Ruler
(b) British
(c) landlords
Answer: (c) landlords
15. What was the main problem with the Simon Commission? Identify the correct statement from the following option.
(a) It was an all-British Commission
(b) It was set up in response to the Nationalist Movement.
(c) Motilal Nehru was a member of this Commission.
(d) Lala Lajpat rai welcomed the Commission at Lahore.
Answer: (a) It was an all-British Commission
16. Where was Gandhiji’s Ashram located?
(a) Dandi
(b) Sabarmati
(c) Allahabad
(d) Nagpur
Answer: (b) Sabarmati
17. Oudh Kisan Sabha was set up and headed by:
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose
(d) Dr B. R. Ambedkar
Answer: (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
18. A militant Guerrilla movement spread in:
(a) Garo hills
(b) Khasi hills
(c) Gudem Hills
Answer: (c) Gudem Hills
19. Who formed the Federation of India and Industries?
(a) Britisher traders
(b) Indian farmers
(c) Indian Merchants
Answer: (c) Indian Merchants
20. Who was known as the “Lion of Punjab”?
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Lala Lajpat Rai
(c) Subhash Chandra Bose
Answer: (b) Lala Lajpat Rai
Nationalism in India Class 10 Extra Questions
1. When did the First World War begin?
Answer: 1914
2. Who were the leaders of the Khilafat Movement?
Answer: Muhammad Ali & Shaukat Ali.
3. Who was the leader of peasants in Awadh?
Answer: Baba Ramchandra.
4. What is Bardoli Satyagraha?
Answer: The Peasant Movement was led by Vallabhbhai Patel in Bardoli ( Gujrat) against enhancing land revenue.
5. Which slogan was raised against the “Simon Commission”?
Answer: Go back, Simon.
6. Who announced the vague offer of ‘dominion status’ for India?
Answer: Lord Irwin.
7. What is the full form of FICCI?
Answer: Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries.
8. What did Gandhiji call ‘untouchables’?
Answer: Harijans.
9. Name the Muslim leader who was willing to give up the demand for separate electorates.
Answer: Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
10. Which novel was written by ‘Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay?
Answer: Anandmath.
11. Who published ‘The Folklore of Southern India’?
Answer: Natesa Shastri.
12. Who designed the Swaraj flag?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi designed the Swaraj flag. It was a tricolour (red, green and white) and a spinning wheel in the centre.
13. Who designed the national flag during the Swadeshi Movement?
Answer: Rabindranath Tagore. It was a tricolour (red, green and yellow).
14. Name the places where Mahatma Gandhi successfully organised satyagraha movements.
Answer: 1. Champaran in Bihar
2. Kheda district of Gujarat
3. Ahmedabad in Gujarat
15. Who led the business community during the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Answer: Mr Purshottam Das and Mr G.D. Birla.
Nationalism in India Class 10 Important Questions
1. What is Indian nationalism?
Answer: – Indian nationalism refers to the feelings and movement that aims to unite the diverse people of India in a common national identity and to achieve political, economic, and cultural sovereignty from British colonial rule.
2. What were the main goals of the Indian nationalist movement?
Answer: The main goals of the Indian nationalist movement were to
a) achieve independence from British colonial rule,
b) establish self-rule, promote civil rights,
c) achieve economic self-sufficiency,
d) revive Indian culture and traditions,
e) unite diverse communities around a common national identity.
3. How did the Indian nationalist movement achieve independence from British colonial rule?
Answer:- The Indian nationalist movement achieved independence from British colonial rule through a range of strategies such as nonviolent movements, civil disobedience, and militant action, and involved the participation of a wide range of individuals and groups from all over the country.
Also Read: Nationalism in India Class 10 Notes
FAQs | Nationalism in India Class 10
What is Nationalism?
Nationalism is a political and social ideology that emphasizes the importance of national identity, culture, and unity.
What role did Mahatma Gandhi play in Indian Nationalism?
Mahatma Gandhi played a key role in Indian Nationalism by advocating for non-violent civil disobedience to achieve independence.
What is the idea of nationalism in Class 10?
Nationalism idea in class 10 is a feeling of pride and loyalty towards one’s country, its culture, language, history and values.
What were the reasons for the rise of nationalism in Europe Class 10?
The reasons for the rise of nationalism in Europe were the French Revolution, the Napoleonic Wars, the development of print media, improvements in communication, and economic and social changes such as the Industrial Revolution.
When did nationalism rise in India?
Nationalism began to rise in India during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Conclusion
In this post, we have provided the Nationalism in India Class 10 MCQ, Solutions, Questions and Answers for students with a comprehensive understanding of the various aspects of the national movements before the freedom of India. Through this post, students can enhance their knowledge, improve their problem-solving skills, and perform better in their exams. If you have any other queries about Nationalism in India Class 10 Ncert Solutions, feel free to reach us so that we can get to you at the earliest possible.