Water Resources Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 contains the availability of freshwater on earth and the situation of scarcity of water. The chapter discusses constructing dams on rivers and Rain Water Harvesting to conserve water. Here, we have introduced the Water Resources Class 10 Extra questions and answers which cover all the important topics discussed in the chapter.
Water Resources Class 10 Extra Questions and Answers
Very Short Questions Answers
1. How much of the world’s water exists as oceans and freshwater?
Answer: As oceans – 97 percent. As freshwater – 3 percent.
2. What are the sources of freshwater?
Answer: The sources of freshwater are glaciers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, rivers, streams, wetlands, and groundwater.
3. Write two causes of water scarcity.
Answer: 1. Rapid growth of population.
2. Uneven distribution of water resources.
4. How much hydroelectric power is produced in India?
Answer: Approximately 22 percent of the total electricity produced.
5. Mention one reason for the conservation of water resources.
Answer: Water is needed for the production of crops to ensure food security.
6. In whose kingdom in ancient India, dams and lakes were built?
Answer: During the time of Chandragupta Maurya, dams, lakes, and irrigation systems were built.
7. What is a dam?
Answer: A dam is a structure built across a river to hold water back.
8. How dams are classified on the basis of structure and the material used?
Answer: Dams are classified on the basis of structure and material-
- Timber dams
- Masonry dams
- Embankment dams
9. What did Nehru say about dams and why?
Answer: Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru proudly said the dams as the ‘temples of modern India’ because the dams would integrate the development of agriculture and help to grow the village and urban economy.
10. Which are the two social movements that have been started against multi-purpose projects?
Answer: (i) Narmada Bachao Andolan
(ii) Tehri Dam Andolan.
Water Resources Class 10 Questions and Answers
Short Questions Answers
QUES.1 Explain three causes of water scarcity.
Or
Water scarcity in most cases is caused by over-exploitation, excessive use, and unequal access to water among different social groups.” Explain the meaning of the statement with the help of examples
Answer: The statement means that there are various reasons for the scarcity of water as mentioned below :
- Over-exploitation: Large growing population needs more water for domestic use and also to produce more food. There is greater demand for water with growing urbanization and industrialization.
- Excessive use: Due to the excess use of water in industries and In certain cases, overused by people, animals, land, or any other number of things, the level of water is decreasing.
- Unequal water access among different social groups. The people in wet areas are not sensible enough to store the excess for those in the dry areas.
QUES.2 Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
Answer: All the water that is being used mainly ends up in the sea. From there on, it enters the hydrological cycle in the form of water vapor. When precipitation occurs, it renews the freshwater. Therefore, water is a renewable resource.
QUES.3 What is water scarcity?
Answer: Water scarcity is the lack of freshwater resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two types of water scarcity: physical and economic water scarcity. Physical water scarcity occurs when the population’s demand exceeds a region’s available water resources.
Economic water scarcity- It occurs when water is adequate, but is unavailable due to a lack of significant investment in water infrastructure
QUES.4 Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
Answer: Advantages of multi-purpose river projects:
These help in irrigation, electricity production, flood control, inland navigation, and fish breeding.
Disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects: These cause the destruction of local flora and fauna. Many native villages are submerged and people lose their livelihood.
Long Questions Answers
QUES.1 Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.
Answer: In the semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, all the houses have underground tanks storing drinking water. The tanks are part of the well-developed rooftop rainwater harvesting system built inside the main house or the courtyard. They are connected to the sloping roofs of the houses through a pipe. Rain falling on the rooftops travels down the pipe and is stored in these underground ‘tanks’. The first spell of rain is usually not collected, as this cleans the roofs and the pipes.
QUES.2 Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.
Answer: The rooftop method is considered to be a traditional method of rainwater harvesting, which is becoming popular in India. About 200 households have adopted the roof water harvesting technique in the village of Mysore to make them wealthy in rainwater. Rooftop rainwater harvesting structures have been made compulsory for all houses in the state of Tamil Nadu.
QUES.3 Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.
Answer: Rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out in the following ways:
- Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting: In this method, rainwater is collected from the rooftops of buildings and stored in tanks or underground pits. This method is used in urban areas where buildings have flat roofs.
- Contour Bunding: In this method, small earthen bunds are created along the contour of the land. These bunds slow down the flow of rainwater and allow it to percolate into the soil, which helps in recharging groundwater. This method is suitable for agricultural land.
- Check Dams: Check dams are built across seasonal streams or gullies. These dams slow down the flow of water and allow it to percolate into the soil, which helps in recharging groundwater. These are suitable for hilly and rocky terrain.
- Khadins: Khadins are constructed across the slope of a hill. These collect runoff water and allow it to drain into the soil, which helps in recharging groundwater.
- Taankas: Taankas are underground tanks that are used to store rainwater. They are made of concrete or stone and are built near houses or fields. The stored water can be used for domestic or agricultural purposes.
Read more: Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 Notes | Easy Concept
FAQs of Water Resources Class 10 Notes
1. What is the importance of water in our daily lives?
Water is very important in our daily lives due to the following reasons:
It is used for drinking and hygiene, such as washing our hands, bathing, and brushing our teeth.
Plants require water to grow, and without an adequate water supply, agricultural production can be severely affected.
Water is also used in various industries, such as manufacturing, power generation, and mining.
Water is used for maintaining the ecological balance of our planet.
Water bodies such as lakes, rivers, and oceans provide opportunities for recreational activities such as swimming, fishing, and boating which attract tourists.
2. Explain the concept of the water cycle.
The continuous movement of water between the earth’s surface, atmosphere, and underground. through various processes such as evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are called the water cycle. It is also known as the hydrologic cycle.
3. What is the significance of the water cycle in maintaining the ecological balance?
The water cycle plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of our planet:
It helps regulate the earth’s temperature by distributing heat and moisture across different regions.
It provides water to plants and animals, which is essential for their survival.
It helps transport nutrients and minerals across different parts of the ecosystem.
It plays a significant role in weather patterns and climate change.
It helps maintain the water balance in the ecosystem.
4. What are multi-purpose projects and large dams? Discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
Multi-purpose projects and large dams are projects that are built utilizing the force of water for various purposes, such as electricity generation, irrigation, flood control, and water supply.
Advantages of Multi-purpose Projects and Large Dams:
1. Large dams are an important source of electricity generation. They can produce a considerable amount of energy without producing harmful greenhouse gases.
2. These are used to control floods by storing excess water during times of heavy rainfall.
3. These provide irrigation water to crops, increasing agricultural productivity and improving the livelihoods of farmers.
4. These provide recreational opportunities such as boating, fishing, and swimming.
Disadvantages of Multi-purpose Projects and Large Dams:
1. Many people have to lose their lands, homes, and cultural heritage due to the construction of multi-purpose projects and large dams.
2. These can have significant environmental impacts, such as over river flows, ecosystems, and harming aquatic animals.
3. Dam failures can lead to loss of life, property damage, and environmental destruction.
Conclusion
I hope all the details in this Water Resources Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 are beneficial for you. All of the Extra important questions and answers in this blog help you to get the best knowledge. If you have any other queries about the Water Resources Class 10 Notes or important questions, feel free to reach us so that we can revert back to you at the earliest possible.