The Making of the National Movement 1870s-1947 Class 8 Easy

In this post, we provided the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History Chapter 9. The Making of the National Movement 1870s-1947 Class 8 Questions and Answers are important for students to prepare for exams. Students will get to know the whole concept of the chapter. These solutions will help them in scoring good marks on the exam & this post will assist students to prepare all objective types of Questions for their Social Science exam.

Key Words – The Making of the National Movement

• Sovereign: To do work independently without any interference.
• Publicist: Someone who publishes an idea by circulating information, writing reports, and speaking at meetings.
• Repeal: End the validity of something such as a law.
• Revolutionary violence: The use of violence to make a radical change without society.
• Council: An elected body of people with an administration, advisory, or representative function.
• Knighthood: An honor granted by the British crown for public service.
• Picket: People protesting outside a building to prevent others from entering.
• Illegal eviction: To throw out tenants from the land they rent.

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The Making of the National Movement Questions and Answers

Let’s recall

1. Why were people dissatisfied with British rule in the 1870s and 1880s?
Answer: People were dissatisfied with British rule in the 1870s and 1880s because of the following reasons:

1. The Arms Act: In 1878, this was passed under which Indians were not allowed to possess arms.
2. The Vernacular Press Act: This act was proposed by Lord Lytton, Viceroy of India to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of British policies in 1878.
3. The Ilbert Bill: The bill was proposed in 1883 to give power to Indian judges and magistrates to try British offenders in criminal cases at the District level but when the British forced the government to withdraw the bill, Indians were enraged.

2. Who did the Indian National Congress wish to speak for?
Answer: The Indian National Congress wished to speak for all the people of India without any discrimination.

3. What economic impact did the First World War have on India?
Answer: The First World War impacted India economically in the following ways:

• It caused a huge rise in the defence expenditure of the government of India.
• It caused a reduction of imports from other countries into India.
• Taxes increased on the incomes of individuals and business profits.
• The prices were risen due to the demand for war supplies.
• During the war, Indian industries grew, and Indian business groups began to demand more growth opportunities for development.

4. What did the Muslim League resolution of 1940 ask for?
Answer: The Muslim League resolution of 1940 asked for “Independent States” for Muslims in the north-western and eastern areas of the country.

The Making of the National Movement 1870s-1947 Class 8

Let’s discuss

5. Who were the Moderates? How did they propose to struggle against British rule?
Answer: A group of Indian political leaders between 1885 to 1907 were called moderate leaders such as Pherozeshah Mehta and Dadabhai Naoroji.

• They proposed to struggle against British rule in a non-violent manner.
• They wanted to develop public awareness against the unjust rule of the British.
• They showed the policies of British rule by publishing newspapers & writing articles.
• They delivered speeches against British rule.
• They went to different parts of the country to mobilize public opinion.

6. How was the politics of the Radicals within Congress different from that of the Moderates?
Answer: The politics of the Radicals within Congress was different from that of the Moderates in the following ways:

Radicals	Moderates
1. They believed that the Britishers had not interested in the Indian people and their lives.	1. They believed that the Britishers were not interested in the Indian people and their lives.
2. They wanted to go against the British violently.	2. They wanted to go against the British peacefully.
3. They adopted the method of passive resistance, boycott, and swadeshi to achieve their aims.	3. They adopted the method of demanding reforms while adopting constitutional and peaceful means to achieve their aims.
4. They wanted complete independence from British rule.	4. They wanted greater autonomy and self-rule under the British crown.
5. Lala Lajpat Rai, Bipin Chandra Pal, Bal Gangadhar Tilak	5. Pherozeshah Mehta and Dadabhai Naoroji

7. Discuss the various forms that the Non-Cooperation movement took in different parts of India. How did the people understand Gandhiji?
Answer: The various forms that the Non-Cooperation movement took in different parts of India:

a) In Kheda, Gujarat– Peasants organized non-violent campaigns against the high land revenue.

b) In Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu- liquor shops were picketed.

c) In the Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh– Tribals and poor peasants staged several “Forest Satyagrahas”.They started to send their cattle into the forest without paying a grazing fee.

d) In Sind, ( Pakistan)– Muslim traders and peasants were very enthusiastic about the Khilafat call.

e) In Punjab-The Sikhs sought to remove corrupt mahants supported by the British from their gurudwaras.

f) In Bengal, the Khilafat-Non-Cooperation movement alliance gave enormous communal unity and strength to the national movement.

g) In Assam, Tea garden labourers demanded a big increase in their wages.

The people understood Mahatma Gandhi in the following ways:

• The people looked at Gandhi Ji as a messiah.
• Peasants hoped that Gandhiji would get their taxes reduced.
• Tribes hoped that Gandhi Ji would have abolished the forest regulations.

8. Why did Gandhiji choose to break the salt law?
Answer: Gandhiji chose to break the salt law because According to salt law, no Indians were allowed to manufacture and sale of salt. Mahatma Gandhi thought it was sinful to tax salt as it was an essential thing for our food.

9. Discuss those developments of the 1937-47 period that led to the creation of Pakistan.
Answer: The developments of the 1937-47 period that led to the creation of Pakistan are the following:

Elections of 1937: After the election, the League was convinced that the Muslim community would always have a minority status in India unless a separate state emerged.

The split between Congress and the Muslim League – When Congress rejected the Muslim League’s offer for a joint congress-league government in the United Provinces, the league decided to separate.

Lahore session of the Muslim League: A resolution demanding the creation of a Muslim State was passed in 1940.

Failure talks: Congress and the Muslim League could not come to a conclusion about a single nation after the discussion. At the end of the 2nd World War, the British opened negotiation talks with both Congress and the League but it was ineffective.

Provincial elections of 1946 – In these elections, the Muslim League got victory on the reserved seats for Muslims giving them the confidence to create a separate nation.

Direct Action Day –16 August 1946 was declared as ‘Direct Action Day’ for the Muslim league. It failed.

Creation of Pakistan: Partition was finalized and Pakistan was born.

Also Read: Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 | Easy Concept

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Conclusion

The Making of the National Movement 1870s-1947 Class 8 Questions and Answers are framed by subject experts having vast experience teaching the subject. All the topics are explained in easy-to-understand language to help students learn them more quickly. By using Chapter 9 The Making of the National Movement, NCERT Questions and Answers, students can also improve their confidence in getting good scores in exams.