Agriculture Class 10 MCQs & Important Questions

Agriculture Class 10 MCQs & Important Questions are designed to test the student’s understanding of various agricultural concepts, including types of farming, cropping patterns, major crops of India, Technological and Institutional Reforms & food security. These MCQs are an essential tool for students to test their knowledge and understanding of the subject, and they help them prepare for CBSE exams. The MCQs cover a wide range of topics and require students to thoroughly understand the subject matter.

Agriculture Class 10 MCQs

1. When are Kharif crops grown?
(a) with the beginning of monsoon and harvested in September-October
(b) with the beginning of winter and harvested in summer
(c) with the beginning of Autumn and harvested in summer
(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) with the beginning of monsoon and harvested in September-October

2. Which of the following is the main food crop of the Kharif season?
(a) Mustard
(b) Pulses
(c) Rice
(d) Wheat

Answer: (c) Rice

3. Kharif: ……….., Rabi: barley, Zaid: watermelon
(a) gram
(b) wheat
(c) oilseed
(d) moong

Answer: (d) Moong

4. Which type of activity is agriculture?
(a) primary
(b) secondary
(c) territory
(d) none of the above

Answer: (a) primary

5. Which type of farming is commonly known as ‘slash & burn’?
(a) Plantation farming
(b) Mixed farming
(c) Extensive farming
(d) Subsistence farming

Answer: (d) Subsistence farming

6. In which region of India is ‘slash & burn’ agriculture known as ‘Jhumming’?
(a) North-Eastern region
(b) North-western region
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) North-Eastern region

7. Which type of farming involves the use of high-tech machinery, fertilizers, and pesticides for large-scale crop production?
(a) Organic farming
(b) Commercial farming
(c) Extensive farming
(d) Intensive farming

Answer: (d) Intensive farming

8. Tick the characteristics of Commercial farming.
(a) Plots of land are fragmented
(b) Higher doses of modern inputs
(c) The yield is usually
(d) All the above

Answer: (b) Higher doses of modern inputs

9. in which state of India is rice a subsistence crop?
(a) Haryana & Punjab
(b) Bihar
(c) Odisha
(d) Uttar Pradesh

Answer: (c) Odisha

10. Which type of farming involves the cultivation of a single crop on a large scale?
(a) Mixed farming
(b) Plantation farming
(c) Subsistence farming
(d) Commercial farming

Answer: (b) Plantation farming

11. Which of the following is correct about Plantation farming?
(a) In this type of farming, multiple crops are grown in a large area.
(b) Plantations cover large areas of land called estates.
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) Farmers clear a patch of land by felling trees and burning them to grow food crops.

Answer: (b )Plantations cover large areas of land called estates.

12. Which of the following are plantation crops?
(a) Rice and maize
(b) Wheat and pulses
(c) Tea, coffee, banana, and sugarcane
(d) None of the above

Answer: (c) Tea, coffee, banana, and sugarcane

13. The three crop seasons of India are-
(a) Aus, Aman & Baro
(b) Rabi, Kharif & Zaid
(c) Baisakh, Paus & Chait
(d) None of the above

Answer: (b) Rabi, Kharif & Zaid

14. When are Rabi crops sown?
(a) In winter and harvested in summer
(b) during the rainy season and harvested in winter
(c) In summer and harvested in winter
(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) In winter and harvested in summer

15. Which is the main food crop of the Rabi season?
(a) Wheat
(b) Rice
(c) Maize
(d) Jowar

Answer: (a) Wheat

16. A short season between the Rabi and Kharif seasons is known as:
(a) Aus
(b) Boro
(c) Zaid
(d) None of these

Answer: (c) Zaid

17. Which of the following is a leguminous crop grown during the Rabi season?
(a) Cotton
(b) Sugarcane
(c) Chickpea
(d) Maize

Answer: (c) Chickpea

18. Which of the following crops is not considered a Rabi crop?
(a) Wheat
(b) Barley
(c) Mustard
(d) Rice

Answer: (d) Rice

19. Rabi crops are typically sown in which month in India?
(a) May
(b) June
(c) October
(d) November

Answer: (d) November

20. The main food crop of the Eastern and Southern parts of India—–
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Maize
(d) Sugarcane

Answer: (a) Rice

21. Which of the following crops is not considered a Kharif crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Maize
(d) Soyabean

Answer: (b) Wheat

22. In which season are Kharif crops sown?
(a) Mansoon
(b) Summer
(c) Winter
(d) Spring

Answer: (a) Mansoon

23. Which of the following is a cash crop grown during the Kharif season?
(a) Wheat
(b) Paddy
(c) Sugarcane
(d) Mustard

Answer: (c) Sugarcane

24. How much is annual rainfall required to grow Rice?
(a) 100 cm
(b) 200 cm
(c) 150 cm
(d) 50 cm

Answer: (a) 100 cm

25. Kharif crops are typically sown in which month in India?
(a) January
(b) February
(c) June
(d) July

Answer: (d) July

26. Which is the first largest producer of rice in the world?
(a) India
(b) China
(c) USA
(d) Japan

Answer: (b) China

27. What is the position of India as per producer of rice in the world?
(a) Second
(b) Third
(c) Seventh
(d) Fifth

Answer: (a) Second

28. Which type of crop is rice?
(a) Kharif
(b) Rabi
(c) Zaid
(d) None of these

Answer: (a) Kharif

29. Which of the following is the most important factor in the cultivation of wheat crops?
(a) Temperature
(b) Rainfall
(c) Soil fertility
(d) Sunlight

Answer: (a) Temperature

30. Which of the following is the major wheat-growing country in the world?
(a) India
(b) China
(c) United States
(d) Russia

Answer: (c) United States

31. How much annual rainfall is required for Wheat evenly distributed over the growing season?
(a) 25 to 50 cm
(b) 75 to 100 cm
(c) 50 to 75 cm
(d) 85 to 130 cm

Answer: (c) 50 to 75 cm

32. Which region of India is ideal for wheat growing?
(a) The Ganga Satluj plains
(b) The Brahmaputra plains
(c) Both (a) & (b)
(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) The Ganga Satluj plains

33. Which of the following crop is known as coarse grain?
(a) Bajra
(b) Jawor
(c) ragi
(d) All the above

Answer: (d) All the above

34. which of the following crops is used both as food and fodder?
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(c) Maize
(d) Soyabean

Answer: (c) Maize

35. which of the following is the largest producer & consumer of pulses in the world?
(a) India
(b) China
(c) United States
(d) Russia

Answer: (a) India

36. Which of the following nutrients is found in pulses?
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Fat
(c) Protein
(d) All the above

Answer: (c) Protein

37. Which of the following is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane?
(a) India
(b) Brazil
(c) Cuba
(d) USA

Answer: (b) Brazil

38. Which variety of coffee is in great demand all over the world?
(a) Iran
(b) Iraq
(c) Syria
(d) Yemen

Answer: (d) Yemen

39. What is the Rearing of silkworms for the production of silk fibre known as?
(a) Sericulture
(b) Apiculture
(c) Floriculture
(d) None of the above

Answer: (a) Sericulture

40. Who initiated the Bhoodan-Gramdan movement?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Vinoba Bhave
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Sardar Patel

Answer: (b) Vinoba Bhave

41. Choose the correctly matched pair about the main crop-growing states of India from the following option:
(a) Cotton-Meghalaya
(b) Rubber- Garo hills of Meghalaya
(c) Wheat – Uttar Pradesh
(d) Jute- Nicobar Islands

Answer: (c) Wheat – Uttar Pradesh

42. From which is Operation Flood associated?
(a) Green Revolution
(b) White Revolution
(c) Black Revolution
(d) Pink Revolution

Answer: (b) White Revolution

43. What is announced by the government in support of a crop?
(a) Maximum support price
(b) Minimum support price
(c) Moderate support price
(d) None of these

Answer: (b) Minimum support price

44. Which crop is known as golden fibre?
(a) Cotton
(b) Jute
(c) Hemp
(d) Silk

Answer: (b) Jute

45. Which crop is an important raw material for the automobile industry?
(a) Pulses
(b) Ragi
(c) Rubber
(d) None of the above

Answer: (c) Rubber

46. Where was Coffee cultivation first introduced?
(a) Himalayas
(b) Aravalli Hills
(c) Garo Hills
(d) Baba Budan Hills

Answer: (d) Baba Budan Hills

47. The largest tea-producing state of India is-
(a) Karnataka
(b) Assam
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Arunachal Pradesh

Answer: (b) Assam

48. Ragi is very rich in –
(a) Zinc
(b) Iodine
(c) Iron
(d) Phosphorous

Answer: (c) Iron

49. Cultivation of fruits & vegetables is called-
(a) Agriculture
(b) Horticulture
(c) Sericulture
(d) None of these

Answer: (b) Horticulture

50. The white revolution involves improvement in the production of —–.
(a) Cotton
(b) Wheat
(c) Maize
(d) Milk

Answer: (d) Milk

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Agriculture Class 10 | Assertion Reason

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

1. Assertion (A): India is the world’s largest pulses producer.
   Reason (R): Pulses need less moisture and can survive in dry conditions.

2. Assertion (A): Rice is a kharif crop in India.
Reason (R): Rice requires high temperatures, high humidity, and a lot of rainfall.

3. Assertion (A): India is the second-largest producer of rice in the world.
Reason (R): Rice requires a cool climate for cultivation.

4. Assertion (A): Organic farming increases soil fertility over time.
Reason (R): Organic farming uses chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

5. Assertion (A): Millets are suitable for cultivation in dry and arid regions.
Reason (R): Millets have a high water requirement for growth.

6. Assertion (A): Terrace farming is practised in hilly regions.
Reason (R): Terrace farming helps in reducing soil erosion.

7. Assertion (A): Irrigation is necessary for wheat production in India.
Reason (R): Wheat is primarily grown during the winter season when rainfall is low.

8. Assertion (A): The Green Revolution led to an increase in the use of chemical fertilizers.
Reason (R): Green Revolution promoted the use of high-yield variety (HYV) seeds which require more nutrients.

9. Assertion (A): Pulses are an important source of protein for a vegetarian diet in India.
Reason (R): Pulses are rich in nitrogen content and help in nitrogen fixation in soil.

10. Assertion (A): India is the leading producer of tea in the world.
Reason (R): Tea is grown mainly in the tropical regions with abundant rainfall.

Agriculture Class 10 | Important Questions

Very Short Questions and Answers

1. What type of country is India?
Answer: India is an agriculturist country.

2. Write the different names of ‘slash & burn’ agriculture in different countries.
Answer: Swidden agriculture (Southeast Asia)
Milpa (Mexico and Central America)
Conoco (Venezuela)
Roca agriculture (Brazil)
Ladang (Indonesia and Malaysia)
Jhum cultivation (India, Bangladesh, and Nepal)

3. What is agriculture?
Answer: The practice of cultivating land, raising animals, and producing food products to sustain human life is called agriculture.

4. What are the different types of agriculture?
Answer: The different types of agriculture are the following:

• Subsistence agriculture
• Commercial agriculture
• Organic agriculture
• Intensive agriculture
• Extensive agriculture
• Shifting cultivation agriculture
• Plantation agriculture
• Mixed farming

5. What is organic farming?
Answer: Organic farming is a method of agriculture that uses natural manure & fertilizers, to produce crops and livestock.

6. What is the green revolution?
Answer: The Green Revolution was a period of rapid development and adoption of high-yielding crop varieties, as well as improvements in irrigation and agricultural technologies It was in the mid-20th century to increase global food production and help hunger and poverty.

7. What is a plantation crop?
Answer: A plantation crop is a crop that is grown on a large-scale commercial plantation, owned by a single individual. These crops are usually grown for export such as coffee, tea, rubber, sugarcane, and palm oil.

8. Which main cropping patterns are followed in India?
Answer: India has three cropping seasons-
i) Rabi
ii) Kharif
iii) zaid

9. Why is India called an agriculturist country?
Answer: India is called an agriculturist country because a large portion(2/3) of the Indian population is engaged in agriculture. Agriculture is the primary activity in India.

10. Why is jute losing its importance?
Answer: Jute is losing its importance due to
i) Competition from synthetic fibers
ii) Low productivity
iii) Lack of government support
iv) Changing consumer preferences
v) Decreasing demand.

11. What are the net sown area and gross cultivated area?
Answer: The net sown area is the total area of land in a country that is used for crop production, while the gross cropped area is the total area under crops.

12. How much land is fallow in India?
Answer: About 23 million hectares of land remain fallow. It is about 7.1 % of the total area.It varies between 5 and 7 % from year to year.

13. What is shifting farming?
Answer: Shifting farming is a traditional method of farming where land is cleared by cutting and burning vegetation before planting crops. After a few years, the land becomes infertile, and the farmer moves to a new area and repeats the process. It is also known as slash-and-burn agriculture.

14. On which two factors, primitive agriculture depends?
Answer: Primitive agriculture depends on two factors:
i) Monsoon
ii) The natural fertility of the soil

15. ‘India is a unique country from an agriculture point of view.’ Support the statement with two factors.
Answer: i) Vast expanse of level land with rich soil
ii) suitable climate for many crops.

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Short Questions Answers

1. What is the importance of agriculture in the Indian economy?
Answer: Agriculture is important for the economic growth of the country because
it employs more than half of the country’s population and contributes significantly to the GDP.
It is a major source of livelihood for rural households and
plays a vital role in food security.
It provides raw materials to several industries, such as textiles, sugar, and vegetable oil.
It also contributes to foreign exchange earnings through exports of agricultural products.

2. Explain any three features of Indian agriculture.
Answer: Three features of Indian agriculture–
i) A large portion of the Indian agriculture sector is still based on subsistence farming.
ii) Agriculture in India is heavily dependent on the monsoon rains.
iii) Land holdings in India are typically small with a large number of small and marginal farmers.

3. Why is enormous pressure on land in intensive subsistence farming?
Answer: There is enormous pressure on land in intensive subsistence farming because the population density in such areas is high, and the amount of available land is limited. As a result, farmers have to maximize the use of the available land through intensive cultivation practices, such as multiple cropping and intercropping.

4. Why do we need to have technical and institutional reforms in India?
Answer: We need to have Technical and institutional reforms in India because
i) These can help increase agricultural productivity and yields.
ii) These can encourage farmers to adopt sustainable farming practices.
iii) These can encourage farmers to adopt sustainable farming practices.
iv) These can help farmers by providing them with better safety nets and insurance schemes.

5. Which are the two main fiber crops of India. Mention three producing areas of each crop.
Answer: The two main fiber crops of India are cotton & jute.
cotton-India is the third largest producer of cotton in the world.
the main cotton-producing states are Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab & Gujarat.
jute– jute is produced in the states of West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Orissa, and Meghalaya.

6. Distinguish between Rabi and Kharif Crops.
Answer:

Rabi Crops	Kharif Crops
It is sown from October to December	It is sown from June to July
It is harvested from April to June	It is harvested from September to October
Examples- Wheat, barley, mustard, gram, peas	Examples- Rice, maize, sorghum, cotton
It requires less rainfall (50-75cm)	It requires more rainfall (75-100cm)
It depends on sub-soil moisture.	It depends on the monsoon rains.

7. What is the lack of food security?
Answer: Lack of food security refers to a situation where individuals are unable to access sufficient quantities of safe and nutritious food for an active and healthy life. It can result from various factors, such as poverty, inequality, low agricultural productivity, high food prices, natural disasters, conflicts, and inadequate social protection measures.

8. Why is agriculture considered the backbone of the Indian economy?
Answer: Agriculture is considered the backbone of the Indian economy because

• It provides employment to a large portion of the Indian population, particularly in rural areas, about 50% of the Indian workforce is employed in agriculture.
• It contributes a significant portion of India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
• It is essential for food security in the country.
• India is one of the largest exporters of agricultural products in the world.

9. ‘The declining share of agriculture in the GDP is a matter of serious concern’. Give reason.
Answer: The decline in the share of agriculture in GDP is a matter of serious concern for the following reasons:

• It can lead to a reduction in employment opportunities in agriculture.
• It can lead to a reduction in food production.
• It can lead to a reduction in investment in rural areas.
• It can lead to increased income inequality.

10. Give any three features of Zaid crops.
Answer: Zaid crops are a type of crop that is grown between March and June, during the summer season in India. The three features of Zaid crops are:

• They take around 60-90 days from sowing to harvesting.
• They can grow well in high temperatures.
• They require less water than Kharif or Rabi crops
• Examples of Zaid crops are watermelon, cucumber, muskmelon, bitter gourd, pumpkin, and summer squash.

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Long Questions Answers

1. Describe the temperature and climatic conditions required for the cultivation of sugarcane. Name two leading producers. 
Answer: Sugarcane is a tropical and subtropical crop that requires warm and humid climatic conditions for cultivation. The temperature and climatic conditions required for the cultivation of sugarcane are the following:
Temperature: Sugarcane grows best in warm temperatures between 20°C and 30°C. The optimal temperature for growth and development is around 25°C.

Rainfall: Sugarcane requires moderate to high rainfall for growth, with an annual rainfall of around 1000-1500 mm being ideal.

Soil: Sugarcane grows best in deep, fertile, and well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter.
Two leading producers of sugarcane are Brazil and India. Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane, accounting for about 40% of global production, while India is the second-largest producer, accounting for about 17% of global production.

2. Describe any three geographical conditions required for tea cultivation. Name any two producing states of tea. 
Answer: Tea cultivation requires specific geographical and climatic conditions. The three geographical conditions are required for tea cultivation:
Climate: i)Tea requires a cool and moist climate for cultivation.
ii)The temperature should be between 10°C and 30°C.
iii) Humidity should be around 75-80%
iv)The annual rainfall should be around 1500-2500 mm.
Altitude: Tea grows best at high altitudes of around 1000-2500 meters above sea level.
Soil: Tea requires well-drained and fertile soils with good water-holding capacity.

Assam and West Bengal are two tea-producing states in India. Assam is the largest tea-producing state in India and is known for its strong and malty tea. West Bengal is known for producing Darjeeling tea, which is a premium quality tea with a unique flavor and aroma.

3. “Today Indian farmers are facing a big challenge from international competition.” What are the various factors responsible for this situation?

• Some of the factors responsible for this situation:
• Indian farmers face increased competition due to globalization opening up the agricultural sector to foreign players
• Indian farmers struggle to match the high efficiency and productivity of developed countries due to their modern technology and practices in agriculture.
• Indian farmers face difficulty in meeting the increasingly strict international quality standards for their products.
• Inadequate infrastructure, including transportation and storage facilities, decreases the competitiveness of Indian agricultural products in the global market.
• The effects of climate change have made farming more challenging for Indian farmers.

4. Describe various technological and institutional reforms which led to the Green and White Revolution in India. 
Answer: The Green Revolution and the White Revolution are two significant agricultural transformations that occurred in India during the mid-20th century. The Green Revolution focused on increasing the production of food crops, while the White Revolution aimed at improving the dairy industry.

Technological Reforms for Green Revolution:
1. The introduction of High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds in the 1960s and 1970s led to a significant increase in crop yields.
2. The construction of dams, canals, and tube wells provided irrigation facilities to farmers to increase crop productivity.
3. The use of chemical fertilizers like urea, phosphates, and potash increased the fertility of the soil and led to better crop yields.

Institutional Reforms for Green Revolution:
1. The Minimum Support Price (MSP) provided a floor price for crops, which encouraged farmers to invest in high-yielding crops.
2. The government abolished intermediaries like zamindars and gave ownership of land to the tillers.
3. The institutions like the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and agricultural universities were established to provide technical support to farmers.

Technological Reforms for White Revolution:
1. The introduction of artificial insemination techniques helped in the genetic improvement of the indigenous cattle population.
2. Crossbreeding indigenous Indian cows with high milk-yielding breeds such as Holstein-Friesian and Jersey helped to increase milk production.
3. The improvement in feed management practices like balanced ration feeding, and green fodder production helped to better milk yields.

Institutional Reforms for White Revolution:
1. The co-operative societies were established to help in organizing dairy farmers and provided them with marketing support.
2. The government established veterinary hospitals to provide curative healthcare to cattle.
3. The government provided price support to milk producers through agencies like the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).

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Conclusion

The Agriculture Class 10 MCQs and important questions provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the various aspects of agriculture. By studying and practicing these questions, students can enhance their knowledge, improve their problem-solving skills, and perform better in their exams. You can access them by visiting Freehomeworkhelp.in the website. If you have any other queries about Agriculture Class 10 MCQs and NCERT important questions, feel free to reach us so that we can revert back to us at the earliest possible.

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