The practice of cultivating land, growing crops, and raising animals for food, fuel, and other products is known as agriculture. It is the oldest and most fundamental human activity from ancient times. In this post, Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 you will learn the Ncert solution in an easy way which help you to score good marks in exams.
Ncert Solution Class 10 Geography Chapter 4
MCQs
(i) Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown in a large area?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) Plantation Agriculture
(c) Horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Answer: (b) Plantation Agriculture
(ii) Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Millets
(c) Gram
(d) Cotton
Answer: (c) Gram
(iii) Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
(a) Pulses
(b) Millets
(c) Jawar
(d) Sesamum
Answer: (a) Pulses
question answer
Answer the following questions in 30 words.
(i) Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.
Answer: One important beverage crop is coffee, which requires specific geographical conditions for its growth.
Coffee plants grow in regions with a tropical climate, where temperatures range between 60-70°F (15-24°C) and annual rainfall is between 60-100 inches (150-250 cm).
The ideal altitude for coffee cultivation is between 3,000 and 6,000 feet (900-1800 meters) above sea level.
(ii) Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.
Answer: Rice is a major staple crop of India. It is produced in the following regions of India-
- West Bengal
- Uttar Pradesh
- Bihar
- Andhra Pradesh
- Tamil Nadu
- Odisha
- Punjab
- The Indo-Gangetic plains
- Brahmaputra valley
- the coastal areas of India
(iii) Enlist the various institutional reform programs introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.
Answer: The various institutional reform programs introduced by the government in the interest of farmers-
- National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS)
- Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
- National Agriculture Market (NAM)
- Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)
- Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC)
- Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme
- Soil Health Card Scheme
- Minimum Support Price (MSP)
(iv) The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day. Can you imagine its consequences?
Answer: The reduction in the land under cultivation can have the following consequences,
- It can lead to food scarcity and a rise in food prices.
- It can result in the loss of biodiversity and wildlife habitat.
- It can reduce agricultural productivity.
- It can lead to the migration of farmers to urban areas in search of jobs.
- it can lead to social and economic challenges.
Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
Answer: The Government of India has taken several initiatives to increase agricultural production in the country. Some of these initiatives are:
- Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): It is a crop insurance scheme launched in 2016 to provide financial help to farmers in case of crop failure due to natural calamities, pests, and diseases.
This scheme aims to encourage farmers to adopt modern agricultural practices and increase productivity. - Soil Health Card Scheme: This scheme provides farmers with information on the nutrient status of their soil and recommendations for appropriate fertilizers to improve soil health and crop productivity.
- Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY): This irrigation scheme aims to provide water to every field and improve water use efficiency through efficient water management practices to increase agricultural productivity.
- National Agriculture Market (NAM): This online platform facilitates farmers to sell their produce directly to buyers across the country, reducing the role of middlemen and ensuring better prices for farmers to increase their income and production.
- Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY): This scheme provides financial help to states for enhancing agricultural productivity and production.
- Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY): This scheme promotes organic farming among farmers, which can lead to increased productivity, better soil health, and environmental sustainability.
- Kisan Credit Card (KCC) Scheme: This credit scheme provides affordable credit to farmers for crop production and related activities, with flexible repayment options, to increase agricultural production.
There are some other schemes introduced by the Government for the benefit of farmers such as the Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS).
Special weather bulletins and agricultural programs on radio and television provide farmers with information.
Minimum support prices, remunerative prices, procurement prices, etc.
(ii) Describe the impact of globalization on Indian agriculture.
Answer: Globalization has led to increased access to new technologies, capital, and markets, which has helped to improve agricultural productivity and income for some farmers. some of the impacts of globalization on Indian agriculture are the following:
Increased access to technology and capital: Globalization has led to increased access to modern technology and agricultural practices, such as high-yielding varieties of seeds, irrigation, and fertilizers. which has helped to increase productivity and income.
Expansion of markets: Globalization has led to the expansion of markets for agricultural produce, with increased demand from international markets. This has provided new opportunities for farmers to sell their produce and earn a higher income.
Competition from cheap imports: Globalization has also resulted in the influx of cheap imports into the Indian market, which has put pressure on domestic farmers to compete with low-priced imports.
Impact on small and marginal farmers: The negative impacts of globalization are often felt by small and marginal farmers who are unable to access new technologies and markets. They are not able to compete with the developed countries because of the highly subsidized agriculture in those countries.
(iii) Describe the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Answer: Rice is a tropical crop that requires specific geographical conditions for its growth. The following are the geographical conditions required for the growth of rice:
- Temperature: It requires a high temperature of around 25 to 35 degrees Celsius for growth.
- Water: It requires abundant water for its growth. It is usually grown in areas where there is an adequate supply of water, such as near rivers, lakes, or other water bodies.
- Soil: The ideal soil for rice cultivation is loamy soil with good water-holding capacity.
- Topography: Rice is commonly grown in low-lying areas with a shallow water table.
- Climate: Rice requires a humid climate with an annual rainfall of around 1000-2000 mm.
Project Work
1. Group discussion on the necessity of literacy among farmers.
Answer: self-relevant
2. On an outline map of India show wheat-producing areas.
Answer: Wheat Producing Area
Activity
Solve the puzzle by following your search horizontally and vertically to find the hidden answer.
1. The two staple food crops of India.
Answer: Rice & wheat
2. This is the summer cropping season in India.
Answer: Kharif
3. Pulses like arhar, moong, gram, and urad contain…….
Answer: Protein
4. It is a coarse grain.
Answer: Jowar
5. The two important beverages in India are…..
Answer: Tea & coffee
6. One of the four major fibres grown on black soil.
Answer: Cotton
FAQs
1. What is agriculture, and what are its different branches?
Agriculture is the practice of cultivating crops, raising animals, and other related activities to produce food for human consumption.
The different branches of agriculture are agronomy, horticulture, animal husbandry, and forestry.
2. What are the different types of irrigation systems used in agriculture?
There are several types of irrigation systems used in agriculture-Surface Irrigation, Sprinkler Irrigation, Drip Irrigation, Center Pivot Irrigation, Subsurface Irrigation, Flood Irrigation, etc.
3. What are the different types of crop rotation and their benefits?
The different types of crop rotation and their benefits are the following:
1. Simple Crop Rotation: It involves alternating between two crops which help to fix nitrogen in the soil & improve soil fertility for the next crop.
2. Three-Year Crop Rotation: It involves rotating between three different crops over a three-year cycle, such as a cereal crop, a legume crop, and a root crop. It helps break pest and disease cycles.
3. Four-Year Crop Rotation: It involves rotating between four different crops over a four-year cycle, such as a cereal crop, a legume crop, a root crop, and a fallow period. It reduces soil erosion and nutrient depletion.
4. Intercropping: It involves planting two or more crops together in the same field, It helps to reduce pest and disease pressure and improve soil health.
5. Cover Cropping: It involves planting a cover crop, such as clover or rye after the main crop is harvested which helps to improve soil fertility, and reduce erosion.
Conclusion of Class 10 Geography Chapter 4
I hope the given details about NCERT Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 question answers will help you to know and learn about the chapter easily. Extra questions based on reading will be provided in the next post. If you have any other queries about Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Ncert solutions, feel free to reach us so that we can get back to you at the earliest possible.